COMPARATIVE STUDY OF GREEN MINING CONCEPTS: POLICIES, STRATEGIES AND INNOVATIONS IN SELECTED COUNTRIES

Authors: Rini Ismiati & Raldi Hendrotoro Seputro Koestoer

ABSTRACT

Mining practices have been known as business activities, and deteriorate the environment. To overcome this, the concepts of Green Mining, Climate – Smart Mining, and Green – Climate Smart Mining were introduced to offer a more environmentally friendly way to carry out mining business practices properly. This paper is a systematic observation using Literature Review where selected papers are analyzed after going through a systematic search and selection procedure through nine stages. The results of this analysis showed that there are differences in policies, strategies, and innovations in implementing the concept. However, each country of Finland, Australia, Canada, and Indonesia, equally applies the concept of environmentally friendly green mining by referring to five pillars, namely (1) promoting material and energy efficiency, (2) ensuring the availability of mineral resources for future needs, (3) minimizing adverse environmental and social impacts, (4) improving work practices and organization, and (5) ensuring sustainable land use after mine closure. Various profiles are expressed in the conclusion.

Keywords: Sustainable mining, Green Mining, Climate-Smart Mining, Green Climate-Smart Mining

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