THE ROLE OF IQ IN OCCUPATIONAL SUCCESS: EXAMINING THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTELLIGENCE AND JOB PERFORMANCE

Author: Jemima N. A. A. Lomotey 

ABSTRACT

This study examined the role of Intelligence Quotient (IQ) in occupational success, focusing on the relationship between IQ and job performance among employees in Ghana. Using a quantitative cross-sectional design, data were collected from 400 employees across various industries. IQ was measured using Raven’s Standard Progressive Matrices, while job performance was assessed via a structured questionnaire covering problem-solving, decision-making, and task execution. Descriptive statistics, Pearson’s correlation, and hierarchical regression analyses were conducted to explore the relationship between IQ and occupational success. Results revealed a significant positive correlation between IQ and job performance (r = 0.54, p < 0.001), with IQ explaining an additional 29% of variance in performance beyond demographic factors. Findings indicate that cognitive ability plays a critical role in occupational effectiveness, although other factors such as personality, motivation, and workplace environment also contribute. The study highlights the importance of integrating cognitive assessments with skill development and supportive organizational practices to optimize employee performance and career outcomes.

Keywords: Intelligence Quotient (IQ), Job Performance, Occupational Success, Cognitive Ability, Employee Development

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