EMPOWERING THE STAFF OF AN EDUCATIONAL ORGANISATION TO ORGANISE INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN LITHUANIA
Author: Ieva Jankauskienė
ABSTRACT
The main purpose is to show how employee empowerment affects organizing inclusive education in educational organizations in Lithuania. The article is based on a master’s thesis completed in 2023. The results of the study showed that employee empowerment is linked to the actions of the head of the educational organization, his/her ability to empower employees, to allocate resources appropriately, to stimulate and motivate employees to act, to share experiences within and outside the institution, to cooperate with parents of students to create a culture of inclusive education in the organization, and to use project-based activities for the achievement of their goals.
Keywords: Employee Empowerment, Inclusive Education, Educational Organization, Lithuania.
The following literature was used in writing the master’s thesis on which this article is based:
- Ahrari, S., Roslan, S., Zaremohzzabieh, Z., Mohd Rasdi, R., & Abu Samah, A. (2021). Relationship between teacher empowerment and job satisfaction: A Meta-Analytic path analysis. Cogent Education, 8(1), 1898737.
- Alisauskiene, S., & Harju-Luukkainen, H. (2021). Changes towards inclusion in the Lithuanian education system. In Dialogues between Northern and Eastern Europe on the Development of Inclusion (pp. 186-200). Routledge.
- Ališauskienė, S., & Miltenienė, L. (2018). Inkliuzinis ar įtraukusis ugdymas: socialinių konstruktų interpretacijos švietimo kaitos kontekste. Specialusis ugdymas, (1), 11-32.
- Angelides, P. (2011). Forms of Leadership that Promote Inclusive Education in Cypriot Schools, Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 40(1), 21–36.
- Azizifar, A., Naghipour, S., Mohamadian, F., Veisani, Y., Cheraghi, F., & Aibod, S. (2020). Investigating the relationship between iranian EFL teachers’ empowerment and their self-efficacy as a consequence for their educational improvement. Journal of education and health promotion, 9.
- Balčiūnas, D., & Kardelis, K. (2005). Bendrojo lavinimo mokyklų vadovų ir pedagogų nuostatos dėl specialiųjų poreikių mokinių ugdymo. Pedagogika, 123-129.
- Bitinas, B., Rupšienė, L., & Žydžiūnaitė, V. (2008). Kokybinių tyrimų metodologija.
- Braksiek, M. (2022). Pre-service physical education teachers’ attitude toward, and self-efficacy in, inclusive physical education: Measurement invariance and influence factors. Teaching and Teacher Education, 109, 103547.
- Bryman, A. (2008). Of methods and methodology. Qualitative Research in Organizations and Management: An International Journal.
- Carmeli, A., Atwater L., Lev A. (2011). How leadership enhances employees’ knowledge sharing: the intervening roles of relational and organizational identification, 36, 257–274.
- Carmen López-López M., José León-Guerrero M., Hinojosa-Pareja E. F. (2022). Construction and validation of Leading Inclusive Education in Compulsory Education Questionnaire (LIE-Q-Teaching Team), International Journal of Inclusive Education, 1-20.
- Celiešienė, E., Kvieskienė, G., & Kaušylienė, A. (2019). Play for children with disabilities: the users’ needs in the Lithuanian context. Users’ needs report on play for children with disabilities: parents’ and children’s views, 95-103.
- ÇELİK, N. Ç., & KIRAL, B. (2022). Teacher Empowerment Strategies: Reasons for Nonfulfillment and Solution Suggestions. Eğitimde Nitel Araştırmalar Dergisi, (29), 179-202.
- Celik, O. T., & Konan, N. (2021). The Relationship between School Principals’ Empowering Leadership with Teachers’ Self-Efficiancy and Organizational Citizenship Behaivors. Egitim ve Bilim, 46(206).
- Čiuladienė, G. (2012). Iššūkiai mokyklai: inkliuzijos link. Nr. 6 (70) ISSN 1822-4156
- Dambrauskienė, D. (2021). Pasidalytosios lyderystės kaip organizacinio pokyčio įgyvendinimas švietimo įstaigose (Doctoral dissertation, Vilniaus universitetas).
- De la Rosa, O. M. A., & Angulo, L. M. V. (2019). Análisis de factores de empoderamiento de maestro’s especialistas en la enseñanza inclusiva de niños de 6-16 años con dificultades auditivas. Contextos educativos: Revista de educación, (24), 45-61.
- Gaižauskaitė, I., & Valavičienė, N. (2016). Socialinių tyrimų metodai: kokybinis interviu.
- Galkienė, A. (2017). Kritinė įtraukiojo ugdymo aktualizacija: Lietuvos mokytojų ir ugdymo nesėkmę patyrusių mokinių tėvų patirtis. D. Jakavonyte-Staškuviene ir E. Sakadolskis (Red.) Mokslu grįsto švietimo link, 528-563.
- Galkienė, A. (2018). Įgalinančio ugdymo raiškos edukacinės įtraukties sąlygomis analizė. Pedagogika, 129(1), 77-93.
- Galkienė, A. (2021). Kokybinė įtraukiojo ugdymo slinktis visuomenės raidos kontekste: dialektinis modeliavimas. Pedagogika, 190-213.
- Galkienė, A. (2021, May). VALUES SUPPORTING THE SUSTAINABILITY OF INCLUSIVE EDUCATION IN DIFFERENT PRACTICES. In SOCIETY. INTEGRATION. EDUCATION. Proceedings of the International Scientific Conference (Vol. 2, pp. 192-202).
- Gvaldaitė, L. (2009). Įgalinimas socialiniame darbe. Socialinė teorija, empirija, politika ir praktika, 5, 42-53.
- Hakimi, N., Van Knippenberg, D., Giessner, S. (2010). Leader empowering behaviour: The leader’s perspective. British Journal of Management, 21(3), 701-716.
- Hartati S. L., Purba, S. (2020). The Influences of Principal’s Supervision, Teacher’s Empowerment, Achievement Motivation on Teacher’s Organizational Commitment at the Junior High School, Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, 400, 12-16.
- Yao, J., You, Y., & Zhu, J. (2020). Principal–teacher management communication and teachers’ job performance: the mediating role of psychological empowerment and affective commitment. The Asia-Pacific Education Researcher, 29(4), 365-375.
- Jiang, Y., Li, P., Wang, J., & Li, H. (2019). Relationships between kindergarten teachers’ empowerment, job satisfaction, and organizational climate: a Chinese model. Journal of Research in Childhood Education, 33(2), 257-270.
- Jokubauskaitė, E., & Lazauskaitė-Zabielskė, J. (2015). Darbuotojų psichologinis įgalinimas ir jo dimensijos: teorija ir praktika. Organizacijų vadyba: sisteminiai tyrimai, (74), 67-83.
- Kaya, Ç. Altınkurt, Y. (2018). Role of psychological and structural empowerment in the relationship between teachers’ psychological capital and their levels of burnout. Egitim ve Bilim, 43(193), 63-78.
- Libby, R. ir Blashfield, R. K. (1978). Performance of a composite as a function of the number of judges. Organizational Behavior and Human Performance, 21(2), 121–129. http://doi.org/10.1016/0030-5073(78)90044-2
- Liu, Y., Li, R., Jin, Z., Wu, X., & Wang, W. (2022). Psychological empowerment and professional well-being of Chinese kindergarten teachers: The mediating effect of professional pressure. Journal of Psychology in Africa, 32(1), 7-14.
- Messiou, K., Ainscow, M., Echeita, G., Goldrick, S., Hope, M., Paes, I., & Vitorino, T. (2016). Learning from differences: a strategy for teacher development in respect to student diversity. School effectiveness and school improvement, 27(1), 45-61.
- Minh Hieu, V. (2020). Employee Empowerment And Empowering Leadership: A Literature Review, Technium 2 (7), 20-28.
- Oskarsd ottir E., Donnelly V., Turner-Cmuchal M., Florian L. (2020). Inclusive school leaders – their role in raising the achievement of all learners, Journal of Educational Administration, 58(5), 521-537.
- Pruskus, V. ir Kocai, E. (2014). Sociologinių tyrimų organizavimas ir atlikimo metodika. Lietuvos edukologijos universitetas.
- Raymond-West, T., & Rangel, V. S. (2020). Teacher preparation and novice teacher self-efficacy in literacy instruction. Education and Urban Society, 52(4), 534-560.
- Rappaport, J. (1987). Terms of empowerment/exemplars of prevention: Toward a theory for community psychology. American journal of community psychology, 15(2), 121-148.
- Rudzkienė, V. (2009). Ateities įžvalgų tyrimo metodologija ir metodai. In Lietuvos e.valdžios gairės: ateities įžvalgų tyrimas (pp. 163–260). Vilnius: Mykolo Romerio universitetas.
- Schaufeli, W. B., Salanova, M., González-Romá, V., & Bakker, A. B. (2002). The measurement of engagement and burnout: A two sample confirmatory factor analytic approach. Journal of Happiness studies, 3(1), 71-92.
- Sider S., Maich K., Morvan J., Villella M., Ling P., Repp, C., (2021). Inclusive school leadership: Examining the experiences of Canadian school principals in supporting students with special education needs, Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs 21(3), 233–241.
- Tidikis, R. (2003). Socialinių mokslų tyrimų metodologija.
- Tsang, K. K., Wang, G., & Bai, H. (2022). Enabling School Bureaucracy, Psychological Empowerment, and Teacher Burnout: A Mediation Analysis. Sustainability, 14(4), 2047.
- Tvarijonavičius, M. (2014). Psichologinis darbuotojų įgalinimas: jo prielaidos ir vaidmuo organizacijoje.
- Tvarijonavičius, M., Bagdžiūnienė, D., & Žukauskaitė, I. (2016). Patikslinto lietuviškojo darbuotojų psichologinio įgalinimo klausimyno (PĮKL-9) psichometriniai rodikliai. Psichologija, 54, 24-42.
- Veisi, S., Azizifar, A., Gowhary, H., & Jamalinesari, A. (2015). The relationship between Iranian EFL teachers’ empowerment and teachers’ self-efficacy. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 185, 437-445.
- Zahed-Babelan, A., Ghodratollah K., Mahdi M., Sharif A. L. (2019). Instructional Leadership Effects on Teachers’ Work Engagement: Roles of School Culture, Empowerment, and Job Characteristics, CEPS Journal 9 (3), 137-156.
- Židonis, Ž. & Andriuškevičienė, S. (2019). Ar institucinė inovacija reiškia naujus vadybos metodus? Transformacinė lyderystė ir darbuotojų įgalinimas profesinio švietimo įstaigose.
- Žydžiūnaitė, V. (2011). Baigiamojo darbo rengimo metodologija. Mokomoji knyga. Klaipėda: Klaipėdos valstybinė kolegija.