21ST CENTURY SKILLS IN HIGHER EDUCATION: A DIFFERENTIATED LEARNING APPROACH

Author: Eleni Kolokouri

ABSTRACT

In the modern, globalized society, education must equip learners with 21st-century skills to prepare them for the complex professional, and civic roles. This study explores the views of university students of Early Childhood Education connected with the 21st century skills that are necessary for their professional development. Encouragement to use critical thinking, to collaborate, use of communication, creativity and innovation self-direction, global awareness, local awareness and problem solving were the categories examined through a questionnaire. Results show that 21st century skills were developed in isolation and not systematically as part of the curricula, which leads us to the conclusion that there is a need for further implementation of educational programs for 21st century skills until these skills are considered an integral part of education. Within this frame, an educational program was designed that focuses on critical thinking, collaborative processes and problem solving based on differentiated instruction. Integration of this program into university students’ education fosters inclusive, skill-oriented learning environments that prepare future educators to meet the diverse needs of 21st-century learners.

Keywords: 21st Century skills, Differentiated Instruction, Educational Program

REFERENCES

  • Anderson, J., Lightfoot, A. (2019). The school education system in India: An overview. New Delhi, India: British Council.
  • Alismail HA, McGuire P. (2015). 21st Century Standards and Curriculum: Current Research and Practice. Journal of Education and Practice 6(6), 150-154.
  • Creswell, J. W. (2009). Research Design: Qualitative, Quantitative, and Mixed Methods Approaches. California: SAGE Publications.
  • European Commission (2012). Rethinking Education: Investing in skills for better socioeconomic outcomes. Communication from the Commission. Strasbourg: European Commission.
  • Kain, C., Koschmieder, C., Matischek, J.  M., Bergner, S. (2024). Mapping the landscape: A scoping review of 21st century skills literature in secondary education. Teaching and Teacher Education, 151, 104739.
  • Kamran M., Namra M., M., R. Wattoo (2019). A Comparative Exploration of the Effect of Differentiated Teaching Method vs. Traditional Teaching Method on Students’ Learning at ‘A’ level, Global Social Sciences Review 1, 61 – 66.
  • Kivunja, C. (2015) Exploring the Pedagogical Meaning and Implications of the 4Cs “Super Skills” for the 21st Century through Bruner’s 5E Lenses of Knowledge Construction to Improve Pedagogies of the New Learning Paradigm. Creative Education, 6, 224-239.
  • Kolokouri, E., & Kornelaki, AC (2020). Introducing a New Socio-Cultural Tool for Science Education in First Grades: Scopes. In K. Plakitsi, E. Kolokouri, AC Kornelaki (Eds), e-Proceedings ISCAR 2019: Crisis in contexts (pp 88-102). Ioannina: University of Ioannina ISBN: 978-960-233-250-4.
  • Lamb, S., Maire, Q., Doecke, E. (2017). Key Skills for the 21st Century: an evidence-based review. A report prepared for the NSW Department of Education State of New South Wales (Department of Education).
  • Mahmud M., Wong S. F. (2022). Digital age: The importance of 21st century skills among the undergraduates, Frontiers in Education (7) 1-9.
  • Next Generation Science Standards. (2013). Retrieved from http://www.nextgenscience.org/
  • OECD. (2022). Teacher professional identity: How to develop and support it in times of change. Retrieved from https://www.oecd.org/education/teacher-professional-identity-b19f5af7-en.htm.
  • OECD (2018): Improving Learning Spaces Together, School User Survey. Retrieved from http://www.oecd.org/education/OECD-School-User-Survey-2018.pdf.
  • Penteri, E., Chlapana, E., Melliou, K., Filippidis, A., & Marinatou, Th. (2022). Curriculum for Preschool Education – Expanded Version (2nd Edition, 2022 IEP). In the context of the Project “Upgrading the Curricula and Creating Educational Materials for Primary and Secondary Education” of the IEP with MIS 5035542 (in Greek).
  • The Partnership for 21st Century Skills (2010). 21st Century Knowledge and Skills in Educator Preparation. Washington, DC. Retrieved from https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED519336.pdf
  • Plakitsi, K., Stamoulis, E., Theodoraki, X., Kolokouri, E., Nanni, E. & Kornelaki, A. (2018). Cultural-Historical Activity Theory and Science Education: A new Dimension in STEAM Education (in Greek). Athens: Gutenberg.
  • Silva, E. (2009). Measuring Skills for 21st-Century Learning. Phi Delta Kappan, 90(9), 630-634.
  • Taylor, S. C. (2017). Contested Knowledge: A Critical Review of the Concept of Differentiation in Teaching and Learning, Warwick Journal of Education – Transforming Teaching, 1, 55-68.
  • Tomlinson, C.A. (2014) The Differentiated Classroom: Responding to the Needs of All Learners, 2nd Edition, U.S.A.:  Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
  • Tomlinson, C. A. (2001). How to Differentiate Instruction in Mixed-Ability Classrooms. 2nd Edition. U.S.A.:  Association for Supervision and Curriculum Development.
  • United Nations Regional Information Center. (2017). Retrieved from https://www.unric.org/en/
  • Ng, D. T. K., Leung, J. K. L., Su, J., Ng, R. C. W., & Chu, S. K. W. (2023). Teachers’ AI digital competencies and twenty-first century skills in the post-pandemic world. Educational Technology Research & Development, 71(1), 137–161.
  • Westwood, P., (2013). Inclusive and Adaptive Teaching. London: Routledge