ELECTORAL GOVERNANCE AND INSTITUTIONAL TRUST IN THE DEMOCRATIC REPUBLIC OF THE CONGO: CONTRIBUTION TO THE STUDY OF DEMOCRATIC CONSOLIDATION

Authors: Lofandja Kitoko Fiston, Michel Ilume Moko, Patty Longoli Makomboli & Ange Ridja Mali

ABSTRACT

This study examines electoral governance and institutional trust in the Democratic Republic of the Congo during the period 2006–2023. It aims to analyze the determinants of democratic legitimacy in a context where the legal framework governing the right to vote coexists with deficits of trust in electoral institutions. Using a combined methodology based on the legal-dogmatic method and the sociological method, and drawing on empirical data collected from 466 respondents across six geographical zones, the research reveals that 54.11% of citizens believe that the Independent National Electoral Commission (CENI) does not guarantee the effective exercise of the right to vote, 48.63% have no confidence in the institution,  and 84.25% have never filed an electoral appeal. Political influence (29.45%), lack of transparency (26.71%), and poor organization (13.70%) are identified as the main causes of distrust. The study concludes that institutional trust remains weak despite the existing legal framework, due to structural deficiencies affecting electoral governance mechanisms. It recommends strengthening transparency, modernizing digital tools, and enhancing civic awareness.

Keywords: electoral governance, institutional trust, CENI, democratic legitimacy, right to vote, Democratic Republic of the Congo.

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